| Background: In the last decades, the advancement of biotechnologies has held the promise to disrupt the biomedical field with innovative protocols. These ambitious goals, set in late 1990 with great enthusiasm, seem to have finally become implementable in the dental field, which may be on the verge of attaining important results. Here, the authors wish to recapitulate the most compelling updates dealing with dentistry. Adult stem cells, crucial to tissue engineering, are undifferentiated cells found in nearly all tissues. They can self-renew and develop into various histotypes. Stem cells were first identified in bone marrow (BM), which contains both hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs are also plentiful in the oral cavity, where they are concentrated in specialized tissues. The first form of dental stem cells was identified from the human pulp tissue of a third molar and dubbed "postnatal dental pulp stem cells" (DPSCs). Later, several types of dental MSCs were defined according to the different sites of isolation: pulp tissue of exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED); periodontal ligament (PDLSCs); apical papilla of growing teeth (APSCs); dental follicle (DFSCs), gingiva (GFSCs), and buccal fat pad (BFPSCs). Material and Methods: Major databases such as Medline were explored detailed literature search in resulting in a systematic review pertaining to stem cells in oral cavity. Results: Five original research scientific articles dated between 2020 – 2024 pertaining to mentioned topic were highlighted. Conclusions: The oral cavity's homeostasis is determined by the balance of the oral microbiome, the pace of inflammation, and the adaptive bone remodeling of the alveolar bones. When inflammation takes over, irreversible disorders can develop, such as periodontal disease and loss of alveolar bone. MSCs' anti-inflammatory and multi-differentiating characteristics make them suitable for use in regenerative therapy. Nonetheless, because MSCs retain memory of their origin, we feel that using mouth-derived MSCs to treat oral cavity illnesses is appropriate. These cells are found in many locations throughout the oral cavity, and the option of treating patients with autologous MSCs further minimizes the likelihood of unfavorable immunological responses. Detailed information regarding the stem cells in oral cavity is discussed in this systematic review.