Journal of Rare Cardiovascular Diseases

ISSN: 2299-3711 (Print) | e-ISSN: 2300-5505 (Online)

Advances in cardiovascular and arterial disease research: A comprehensive review

Esraa S Abed1, Afaq Mahdi Ali2, Abdullah H. Maad3, Baydaa Abd4, Mohammed Jawad Alnajar5, Sada Ghalib Al- Musawi6, Sarah Salam Ali7, Priyanshu Verma8
1Collage of density, Mustasiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
2College of Pharmacy, Al-Turath University, Baghdad, Iraq
3Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq
4Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Amarah, Iraq
5Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq
6College of pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
7Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Medical Technology, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
8Centre for Research Impact \& Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
Esraa S Abed1, Afaq Mahdi Ali2, Abdullah H. Maad3, Baydaa Abd4, Mohammed Jawad Alnajar5, Sada Ghalib Al- Musawi6, Sarah Salam Ali7, Priyanshu Verma8
1Collage of density, Mustasiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
2College of Pharmacy, Al-Turath University, Baghdad, Iraq
3Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq
4Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Amarah, Iraq
5Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq
6College of pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
7Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Medical Technology, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
8Centre for Research Impact \& Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
Corresponding Email: priyanshu_verma1@outlook.in
  • Received 06/03/2024
  • Revised 01/04/2024
  • Accepted 15/09/2024
  • Published 24/02/2025

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Abstract

Cardiovascular and arterial diseases rank among the leading causes of mortality worldwide, imposing significant health and economic burdens on societies. These conditions result from intricate interactions between genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and systemic factors such as inflammation and oxidative stress. In recent years, advancements in nanotechnology, bioengineering, and pharmacology have paved the way for innovative strategies in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of these diseases. This review collates insights from 50 pivotal studies, key topics of which include nanotechnology-enabled diagnostic tools, targeted drug delivery systems, cutting-edge cardiovascular devices, and the interplay of lifestyle and genetic factors in disease progression. By consolidating these advancements, the review aims to inform future research directions and optimize clinical practices for combating cardiovascular diseases effectively.

key word
cardiovascular diseases, arterial diseases, nanotechnology, oxidative stress, personalized medicine, diagnostics, therapeutics

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Classification of Rare Cardiovascular Diseases anticoagulation atrial fibrillation atrial septal defect cardiac tumor cardiomyopathy computed tomography congenital heart disease echocardiography electrocardiogram electrocardiography heart failure implantable cardioverter‑defibrillator magnetic resonance imaging pregnancy pulmonary arterial hypertension pulmonary hypertension rare cardiovascular disease rare disease right heart catheterization right ventricular failure
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