Journal of Rare Cardiovascular Diseases

ISSN: 2299-3711 (Print) | e-ISSN: 2300-5505 (Online)

Microbiology and cardiovascular health: The gut-heart axis in focus

Ahmed Jalal Yousef1, Shatha saadallah lafi2, Bassad Salem Mahmood1
1Diyala Health Directorate,Baqubah, Diyala Province, Iraq
2College of Dentistry, Albayan University, Baghdad, Iraq
Ahmed Jalal Yousef1, Shatha saadallah lafi2, Bassad Salem Mahmood1
1Diyala Health Directorate,Baqubah, Diyala Province, Iraq
2College of Dentistry, Albayan University, Baghdad, Iraq
Corresponding Email: ahmedjalal07729@gmail.com
  • Received 21/09/2024
  • Revised 10/10/2024
  • Accepted 30/12/2024
  • Published 24/02/2025

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Abstract

New studies show a strong connexion between the gut microbial community and cardiovascular system, recognized as the gut-heart axis. This review seeks to contrast and compare how the gut microbiota contributing to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) mechanisms include microbial metabolites, immune response, and inflammation. In the section devoted to emerging therapies relevant to the microbiome, probiotics, prebiotics, diet, and pharmacological therapies that may influence the microbiome are described. The future directions underline the importance of individualization of the treatment and the quality of the trial to improve microbiome-directed strategies in CVD patients.

key word
microbiome, cardiovascular diseases, gut-heart axis, microbial metabolites, inflammation, probiotics, personalized medicine

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Classification of Rare Cardiovascular Diseases anticoagulation atrial fibrillation atrial septal defect cardiac tumor cardiomyopathy computed tomography congenital heart disease echocardiography electrocardiogram electrocardiography heart failure implantable cardioverter‑defibrillator magnetic resonance imaging pregnancy pulmonary arterial hypertension pulmonary hypertension rare cardiovascular disease rare disease right heart catheterization right ventricular failure
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